Elements & Principles
Visual Hierarchy
Review
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Elements:
1. Line- An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract.
2. Shape An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width.
3. Form An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free flowing.
4. Value The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called middle gray.
5. Space An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .
6. Color An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity. • Hue: name of color.
7. Texture An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched.
Principles:
1. Variety A principle of design concerned with diversity or contrast. Variety is achieved by using different shapes, sizes, and/or colors in a work of art.
2. Contrast A way of combining elements to stress the differences between those elements. Extreme difference between the elements of design within a space.
3. Emphasis (Visual Hierarchy)- what you are drawn to first in a design. This starts the first level of visual hierarchy or order in which you look at each item in the design.
4. Balance A way of combining elements to add a feeling of equilibrium or stability to a work of art. Major types are symmetrical and asymmetrical.
5. Proportion A principle of design that refers to the size relationship of certain elements to the whole and to each other.
6. Harmony/Unity A way of combining similar elements in an artwork to accent their similarities (achieved through use of repetitions and subtle gradual changes)
7. Rhythm/ Movement A principle of design used to create the look and feeling of action and to part of the design. Rhythm is created by the careful placement of repeated elements in a work of art to cause a visual tempo or beat along with movement.
1. Line- An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract.
2. Shape An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width.
3. Form An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free flowing.
4. Value The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called middle gray.
5. Space An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .
6. Color An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity. • Hue: name of color.
7. Texture An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched.
Principles:
1. Variety A principle of design concerned with diversity or contrast. Variety is achieved by using different shapes, sizes, and/or colors in a work of art.
2. Contrast A way of combining elements to stress the differences between those elements. Extreme difference between the elements of design within a space.
3. Emphasis (Visual Hierarchy)- what you are drawn to first in a design. This starts the first level of visual hierarchy or order in which you look at each item in the design.
4. Balance A way of combining elements to add a feeling of equilibrium or stability to a work of art. Major types are symmetrical and asymmetrical.
5. Proportion A principle of design that refers to the size relationship of certain elements to the whole and to each other.
6. Harmony/Unity A way of combining similar elements in an artwork to accent their similarities (achieved through use of repetitions and subtle gradual changes)
7. Rhythm/ Movement A principle of design used to create the look and feeling of action and to part of the design. Rhythm is created by the careful placement of repeated elements in a work of art to cause a visual tempo or beat along with movement.